Over the past few years, it has been a major demand for advanced materials in motors, transformers, and in automotive industries which is likely to reinforce the application of electrical steel. It is a special type of steel manufactured to produce desirable magnetic properties and high permeability. Electric steel plays an important role in generation, transmission, distribution, and use of electrical power in electricity. It is an alloy steel containing zero to 6.5% silicon which increases the electrical resistance of the steel and 0.5% of manganese and aluminum. In electrical steel , an external magnetic field genera It strengthens the magnetic field and lower the core loss.
Types of Electrical Steel: Oriented Grain and Non-grain Oriented
There are two important types of electrical steel: Grain oriented electrical steel and non-grain oriented electrical steel.
Silicon level of the grain oriented electrical steel is 3% and is produced from low carbon steel. It develops optimal properties in the rolling direction of the relative direction of the crystal. Owing to lower core loss and high magnetic flux density, grain oriented electrical steel is used as a core material for transformers, in the production of efficient energy transformers, and high performance generators. Other uses of shunt reactors, and wound cores. Furthermore, there are three types of grain oriented electrical steel:
Conventional Grain Oriented Steel: Here, the grains are aligned parallel to the direction of rolling.
HiB Steel: It has large grain size and possesses high magnetic permeability.
Magnetic Domain Refinement Steel: Magnetic Domain Refinement Steel.
Non-grain oriented electrical steel is high alloy steel which contain up to 3% silicon and 1% aluminum. It possesses similar magnetic properties in all direction and is characterized by its magnetic properties including specific loss, permeability, and magnetic saturation polarization. Excellent mechanical properties of non-grain oriented electrical steel impact the performance and power density of electric machine. This electrical steel finds application in large and small rotating electrical machines, small transformers and motors. There are two main types of non-grain oriented electrical steel:
Fully processed steel: Magnetic properties are fully developed by steel producers and does not require any additional processing.
Semi processed steel: It requires additionally processes to develop the magnetic properties.
Factors Influencing Wide Application of Electrical Steel
Application of electric steel is gaining popularity in power and energy sectors, automotive, and aerospace industry. Owing to its better magnetic as well as electrical properties, electrical steel is used in the manufacturing of various components such as power steering systems, motors, etc. It is also used as a core material in automobile electrical components to enhance fuel efficiency of the vehicles.
Furthermore, there is a high demand for electrical steel in supercars or high speed cars. It reduces magnetic losses and improves magnetic flux and torque in electric motors of supercars. Growing global population and vehicle has diversified the application of electrical steelhigh speed cars. It reduces magnetic losses and improve magnetic flux and torque in electric motors of supercars. Growing global population and vehicle parc has led to increase in power and energy consumption which diversifies the application of electrical steel
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